Understanding how people think, feel and act in relation to vaccination is vital to inform the development of strategies to generate acceptance and uptake for the vaccines. Generating and using data on behavioural and social drivers (BeSD) contains a set of tools – surveys, interview guides and related tools – to support gathering and use of quality data on the drivers and barriers to COVID-19 vaccines uptake. This guidebook will enable programmes to design, target and evaluate interventions to achieve greater impact with more efficiency, and to examine and understand trends over time.